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Internet discussion of the FM- 10 transmitter, 08/9
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From [email protected] Wed Jul 7 16:19:25 1993
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From: [email protected] (Pete Ashdown)
Message-Id: <9307072018.AA18259@slack>
Subject: 350mw Amp?
To: [email protected] (FM10 Mailing List)
Date: Wed, 7 Jul 1993 14:18:48 -0600 (MDT)
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I'm considering building the 350mw amp, but the instructions are a bit vague.
For example:
"Adjust C1, C2, C3, and R1 for max out.
R2 can now be adjusted to 0 for max output"
Why do these need to be adjusted? Isn't there a set value that will work
instead of a variable? If I'm not using the amp as a driver, do I even need
R2?
It would be nice to see plans that boost up to half or a full watt, have set
value components, and a built in filter.
From [email protected] Wed Jul 7 23:18:04 1993
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Date: Wed, 07 Jul 1993 19:14:20 PDT
From: "mycal's fc email account" <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Organization: FutureIsNow
To: [email protected]
Subject: news
Could someone please forwared this to Alt.radio.pirate
CNN came buy Dunifer's workshop last Saturday to videotape the first hour
or so. The are supposed to interview him later this week. I was told that
the segment will air this comming Saturday, somtime after 4 PM. It will
be curious to see what kind of reaction that it stirs up. So watch for
it.
Stephen also said that he will be in New York City attending the National
Lawyer's Guild conference. They are devoting an entire day, Sunday,
to this whole issue of communications and micro power broadcasting. He is
supposedly one of the speakers at this program on Sunday.
Stephen is interested in having a workshop there, If any locals would like
to help organize one, let me know.
Other workshops scheduled soon in LA, and later in the fall there may be
a tour up the west cost ending up in Seattle or Vancourver. Anyone
interested? Let me know.
Also the PLL stereo broadcaster is only days away from testing.
take care,
mycal
From [email protected] Thu Jul 8 08:43:17 1993
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Date: Thu, 8 Jul 93 08:37:38 EDT
From: [email protected] (Armand Poirier)
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From [email protected] Thu Jul 8 14:50:31 1993
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Thu, 08 Jul 1993 10:29:12 PDT
Date: Thu, 08 Jul 1993 10:29:10 PDT
From: "Mycal" <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Organization: ACSYS, Inc.
To: [email protected]
Subject: more news
The following is from Stephen Dunifer. He asked me to forward it to the
alt.radio.pirate groups. So I put it here, could someone do the honors of
putting it on alt.radio.pirate.
Check out the kits Stephen has too!
--------------cut here--------------------
RECLAIMING THE AIRWAVES
Using inexpensive hand built transmitters, Free Radio
Berkeley and other micro power broadcasters are challenging the information
stranglehold imposed by the corporate media and enforced by federal
regulation. Every Sunday evening from 9 PM to 12 midnight, a broadcast
is made from somewhere in Berkeley at 88.1 on the FM band. Running
with an output power that varies from 5-15 watts, Free Radio Berkeley
has been picked up as far away as 35th and Geary in San Francisco. Free
Radio Berkeley is a First Amendment challenge to the restrictive federal
regulations which only favor those with money and power.
It is the contention of Free Radio Berkeley that most communities, however
they may be defined, are denied their own voice. Unless one has at least
$50,000 to start a 100 watt FM station, there is no way any community
without those resources can have a voice. Before 1980 it was possible
to apply for and receive a 10 watt Class D educational station license
with very little money in the bank. Thanks to an alliance of
reactionary elements who sought to suppress voices outside the mainstream
and liberal elements such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting
(NPR) who sought to establish more "professional" stations (translation,
more likely to be funded by corporate blood money laundered through
foundations), the FCC eliminated all 10 watt station licenses
as of 1980. This move prevented the 90% of the US population who
do not have the monetary resources from having a voice on the FM band.
Especially African Americans who are grossly underrepresented in the media.
If the airwaves were not dominated by the corporate
media pirates, there would be plenty of FM radio spectrum space available
for all to use. Even in the congested Bay Area FM radio spectrum,
there are quite a number of frequencies that would be appropriate
for low power (.5 to 10 watts) community broadcast operations.
Unfortunately, like so many other public resources such as old growth
forests, the air waves have been hijacked and polluted by the corporate
state in its relentless pursuit of profit and control of all public resources.
Free Radio Berkeley is part of a growing movement
of individuals and communities across the country who have set up
these micro power (1 to 15 watts) broadcasting operations. Most notable
of these is Black Liberation Radio, which covers a housing project
area in Illinois. Black Liberation Radio has been under severe attack
by both the local police and federal agencies. Despite police and
federal harassment, Black Liberation Radio is on 24 hours a day offering
some of the finest programs to be found anywhere on almost no budget
to speak of.
Very recently the FCC filed a Notice of Apparent Violation
against one member of Free Radio Berkeley, Stephen Dunifer, with an
attached civil fine of $20,000. Free Radio Berkeley and Stephen Dunifer
are being represented by Louis Hiken from the National Lawyers Guild
Committee on Democratic Communication. It is hoped that this case
will result in some major precedents being set for Micro Power Broadcasting.
Efforts are under way to organize the Free Communications Coalition to defend
and support Micro Power Radio. Funds for legal defense will be raised
through a series of benefits and public forums. Call the voice mail
number (510) 464-3041 if you can help in any way with this effort.
Just imagine the possibilities of having hundreds
of micro power broadcasts like this across the country. Cost is not
a problem since a basic station can be put on the air for around $200. With
determination and purpose we can break the stranglehold on the flow
of cultural and artistic expression, information and ideas in this
country. Consider giving your community a voice. Very soon, inexpensive
(less than $500) UHF TV transmitter designs will be available as well.
Free Radio Berkeley encourages you to take up the
microphone and let a thousand transmitters bloom. Your support, ideas,
and involvement are essential to micro power radio flourishing. We
will have a complete handbook out very soon which will cover all aspects
of micro power broadcasting. Please call our voice mail number for
updates on upcoming events and workshops. Our address is:
Free Radio Berkeley, 1442 A Walnut St., #406,
Berkeley, CA 94709 <D>
Phone # (510) 464-3041
Or, come to the FRB collective organizing meeting on Wednesday, July 21
- 7:30 PM at the Long Haul, 3124 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley
For anyone on the net in the vicinity of New York City, I will there on the
weekend of August 6 through the 10 or 11th. I am trying to set workshops on
micro power radio on Monday & Tuesday. It looks like the Paper Tiger Folks
will find a facility large enough to hold 20 or 30 people. Transmitter kits
($40 for 5 watt units) will be available as well as a book on Micro Power
Broadcasting that I am working on now. I am asking a donation of $10 to $15
per person for the workshops. Hopefully that might cover my travel costs
unless there is an extremely kind beneafactor(s) on the net who would like to
donate to a good cause.
If anyone on the net wants to order the kit send $40 (made out to cash) to
the above address. The new and improved stereo kit using the Rohm BA1404
with one watt output will be available soon at a cost of $35. I have a 6
watt (requires only 1/4 to 1/2 watt input) amplifier kit which will drive a
PA-1 to full power, it costs $25. Another design which will be in kit form
soon is a 15 watt amplifier that only requires 1/2 watt input, cost will be
about $30-$35.
Stephen Dunifer
-----------Cut here------------
--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PGP key on request. [email protected]
\ //
"..unfortunately we can't control the actions // \
of everyone." President Clinton 04/20/93 No Risk, No Rush
From [email protected] Thu Jul 8 19:14:49 1993
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From: Bill Brideson <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <199307082314.AA11874@spruce.unx.sas.com>
Subject: Re: Audio processing for FM-10
To: [email protected]
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1993 19:14:25 -0500 (EDT)
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Several weeks ago Dave Brillhart asked if anyone knew of a circuit
for something that would keep his FM-10 from overmodulating. I'm sorry
I didn't get this written sooner.
I'd suggest getting PAIA's catalog. They have a bunch of inexpensive
kits; not Heathkit-quality but certainly adequate for anyone who's got
a few clues about the differences between resistors and capacitors and
integrated circuits. They have a mixer, a headphone distribution amp,
reverb, parametric EQ, other audio stuff and a bunch of MIDI stuff in
addition to a "dual limiter" and a "dual compressor".
I discovered PAIA when I saw their "dual compressor" circuit featured
in an article in _Electronic Musician_ magazine. It uses 5532s for
buffer amps, which tells me that their quality is somewhere between 741s
(ouch!) and the really nice Analog Devices amplifiers. For my intended
application that was fine, although I'm going to go back through my
_Audio Amateur_ back issues to hack in some better buffer stages.
It's important to note that for radio broadcasting, you really need
to consciously think in terms of two separate and independent gain-
control operations. "Compression" reduces the dynamic range of the
program so that people listening don't have to keep turning their radios
down during fortissimo passages and up during pianissimo passages. For
classical music one generally wants a low compression ratio (2:1 or 4:1
or so) so that most of the original dynamics are maintained, but for
in-your-face rock-n-roll a ratio more in the 10:1 neighborhood keeps
the level pretty constant so you "rock steady". Compression is, in
general, applied to the program all the time.
Limiting, on the other hand, is a very-high-ratio game to begin with
because it's only supposed to protect against overmodulation of the
transmitter. (The ultimate limiter is a pair of zener diodes, though
that method can create lots of very nasty high-frequency energy.) For
classical music, a limiter might trigger once a week, while at the other
extreme a station might crank the sensitivity of their limiter so far
down that it's "riding gain" and providing, in effect, very-high-ratio
compression (which sounds terrible and induces listener fatigue).
All that is a long way of saying that Dave is probably asking about
a limiter, but I don't think it would be fair to simply respond to that
focused question without including the rest of the gain-control story.
PAIA Electronics, Inc.
3200 Teakwood Lane
Edmond, OK 73013
405-340-6300 FAX: 405-340-6378
I have no connection with the company or its people whatsoever.
--
Bill Brideson, [email protected], 919-677-8000
SAS Institute, Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, NC 27513
"[The remarks] prove that the senator speaks his mind, and that he
is not working with much when he does so." -- Anna Quindlen, 17JUN93
From [email protected] Fri Jul 9 12:36:25 1993
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Date: Fri, 9 Jul 93 09:36:16 -0700
From: Keith Williams <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
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From [email protected] Fri Jul 9 19:36:22 1993
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Date: Fri, 9 Jul 93 19:36:16 -0400
From: [email protected] (David Kazdan Md)
To: [email protected]
Subject: PLL for the 1404?
Reply-To: [email protected] (David Kazdan Md)
I have been slowly hacking the 1404 kits (I prefer the DC Electronics kit)
for some medical applications. The big problem is frequency stability, and
I would guess that this causes most everybody problems. Has anyone tried
using the 1404 as the voltage-controlled oscillator in a phase locked loop?
It's difficult to crystal control the chip because it uses reactance
modulation for the audio, but it does have the varactor diode built in for
fine frequency adjust. With a low cutoff loop filter, perhaps that diode
could be the driven element, phase locking the average transmit frequency
to an external crystal oscillator either at the fundamental frequency of
interest or at a divided-down one. May even be able to hack a frequency
synthesizer out of it.
Anyone have any experience with this? I would welcome ideas before I start
breadboarding.
--David
--
David Kazdan, M.D., Ph.D [email protected]
Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio
Amateur Radio: AD8Y
From [email protected] Mon Jul 12 01:33:25 1993
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To: [email protected] (David Kazdan Md)
Cc: [email protected]
Subject: Re: PLL for the 1404?
In-Reply-To: Your message of Fri, 09 Jul 93 19:36:16 -0400.
<[email protected]>
Date: Sun, 11 Jul 93 22:26:39 -0700
From: Bill McFadden <[email protected]>
>It's difficult to crystal control the chip because it uses reactance
>modulation for the audio, but it does have the varactor diode built in for
>fine frequency adjust. With a low cutoff loop filter, perhaps that diode
>could be the driven element, phase locking the average transmit frequency
>to an external crystal oscillator either at the fundamental frequency of
>interest or at a divided-down one. May even be able to hack a frequency
>synthesizer out of it.
I did this years ago with a varactor-tuned FM stereo transmitter, so it
should be easy to do.
You are right about the loop bandwidth. Keep it low or the loop will try to
compensate for the modulation and produce audible noise if the loop's
reference frequency is in the FM composite passband. It doesn't matter much
how long it takes to lock; you're not building a scanner, after all.
I had a big problem with this on turntable rumble, which was at a very low
frequency and easily disturbed the loop. I finally cured it through a
combination of loop bandwidth reduction and highpass filtering of the audio.
One other word of advice: use a limiter. Pre-emphasize the audio first, then
run it through the limiter and to the trnsmitter (defeat the transmitter's
internal pre-emphasis circuit by removing the capacitors). This will let you
modulate the transmitter fully without distortion. (Limiting of the
pre-emphasized audio compensates for the reduced modulation headroom at high
frequencies.)
Look for my "confessions of a former pirate" story soon.
--
Bill McFadden Tektronix, Inc. P.O. Box 500 MS 58-639 Beaverton, OR 97077
[email protected], ...!tektronix!tv.tv.tek.com!bill Phone: (503) 627-6920
How can I prove I am not crazy to people who are?
From [email protected] Mon Jul 12 02:29:44 1993
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To: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]
Subject: Confessions of a former pirate
Date: Sun, 11 Jul 93 23:05:45 -0700
From: Bill McFadden <[email protected]>
Here is a reprint of a story I wrote for Panaxis's Experimental Broadcaster's
Newsletter, EBN, in 1986. I have updated it with information (in brackets)
that is either new or was too sensitive at the time to print. I hope that
others will be inspired to post their stories.
Excerpt from Experimental Broadcaster's Newsletter (Vol. 3, No. 1)
STATION(s) OF THE MONTH....... #3 KNPR-AM, KHOG-AM, KHOG-FM, KCUF-FM
---------------------------------------------------------------------
(Confessions of a former "Pirate")
Dear EBN,
I got my start in 1978 when I was a sophomore in high school. My first
transmitter was a 4 transistor job that had about a 100 Ft range.
It wasn't much but it got me hooked quick. I soon built a second AM
transmitter using 3 tubes, a 12AX7 and 2-50C5's. Its range was about a
mile.
I was fortunate to get practical experience also at our school station, KBPS
(1450 kHz), which also complemented my electronics training.
In 1980 I began attending our State College [Oregon State]. Like most
freshman I lived in a dormitory [McNary Hall]. It didn't take long to
realize that the floor I lived on (known as "Hog City" or the "Hog Empire")
[6th floor] was really wild 'n crazy. Seemed like a good place for a radio
station. On went the transmitter. We decided to call the station KHOG for
obvious reasons. It was an instant success.
We got this really funny guy down the hall to be a DJ. He'd never done
anything like it before, but he was a natural. We set up a request line and
the phone was ringing off the hook. And, for some reason, the pretty coeds
started hanging around "station headquarters"!! We signed-off at Midnight by
playing the Imperial Death March from "The Empire Strikes Back" sound track.
Our T-shirts emphasized the theme with the following logo:
(picture of KHOG logo)
(Pig in a Darth Vader helmet)
(slogan reads: KHOG 840 AM
THE VOICE OF THE EMPIRE)
We went through three transmitters that year. Our second transmitter, built
by a friend and I, used a 6DQ6 tube with a crystal. It was modulated by an
audio amplifier through a 70 volt line transformer connected in series with
the tube's plate voltage supply. Later my friend needed his 1 MHz crystal
back (belonged to his computer) so we went back to 840 kHz after finding a
new crystal. Our last transmitter was a hybrid containing IC's, transistors,
and tubes (tubes reign supreme).
The following year wasn't as successful because most of the good people were
kicked out of the dorm for being too rowdy. Fall of 1981 marked a turning
point however as we moved to FM stereo. My transmitter was a Stellatron
FX-20, with an output of 20 mW it got out about 1/3 mile. I tried all kinds
of schemes to boost the output power but none of them worked. It would be a
few years before I knew enough about RF design to design my own VHF
amplifiers.
In addition to the low output power I also had a frequency drift. One day I
read a construction article in RADIO-ELECTRONICS about a "Frequency
Synthesized RF Signal Generator". A light bulb went on in my head "why can't
I do this for my FM transmitter?". It took most of 1982 to work out the bugs
but I did it. What an improvement! Crystal controlled accuracy and .1 MHz
resolution using BCD thumbwheel switches. This was living!
The next major improvement was in early 1983 with the addition of a power
amplifier. I used a MOTOROLA MHW-592 module to get a 2 watt output. This
increased the station's range to a 5 mile radius (coverage of the whole town
[Corvallis, OR]). Later I changed to a Panaxis FMA-2000 (lots of
adjustments, but it seemed to give me a bit more power - in part because I
increased the supply voltage to 15 volts instead of 12.) The addition of a
Panaxis RFI filter prior to my 1/4 wave ground-plane antenna improved
matching and increased range further. I was in an apartment now [Londonderry
Apt. #1, 9th & Adams] with no place for an antenna. A friend next door put
it on top of his house (100 feet of buried cable.) We painted it black so it
would be hard to see. The FCC would never know!
In the summer of 1983 I started building a mixer with TL074 op-amps. It has
17 stereo inputs, six pots, and three stereo mixing buses (audition, pgm,
cue). It wasn't finished until the end of that year.
On December 9, 1983 KHOG helped out with a dance at my old dorm. Everyone
brought records to my apartment. We broadcast to the dance two blocks away.
The phone was tied up all evening with requests. The people would tell our
"DJ" at the dance what they wanted, he would relay it to us on the phone.
The dancers couldn't tell their music was being broadcast to them from a
remote location!
After Christmas break and on the air again for about 10 days, I received a
visit from the FCC. I was in the shower so my roommates answered the door.
By the time I got there they had already hidden the transmitter but forgot
the amplifier, which I hid immediately. I went to greet my visitor in the
next room. He was wearing a trench coat...(give me a break!). He asked to
see the transmitter, so I showed him the 20 mW unit. He didn't believe that
was all there was to it and wanted to see the antenna, how did he know where
to find me? Someone must have turned me in. In any case, he let me off with
a warning and didn't take the equipment. After he left I realized the date
.... January 13th, 1984 ...FRIDAY the 13th.
We came to the conclusion that we were "identified" by our telephone ring.
Just as we were signing off [after the dance] the phone rang...and was picked
up by the microphone. Instant confirmation that the station was located at
the same place as the phone!
So there I was, not supposed to go on the air, and several years of work put
into it. I decided no one was getting the last laugh on me... I turned my
transmitter into a senior project and got 8 hours of college credit (straight
"A"'s no less). The station was off the air for 8 months until August, 1984,
when a friend of mine offered to start it up again. We agreed in writing
that it would be HIS responsibility, and would be located at his house. The
station was renamed KCUF by the new owner but the equipment was being rented
from me. When I moved from the area I took the transmitter with me. KCUF
has since obtained another transmitter and is still on the air at 90.3 MHz.
[No longer on the air, but operated until at least 1990.]
In June, 1985, I graduated with a BS in electrical engineering. I am now
working for Tektronix designing test and measurement equipment for TV
stations (still hooked on broadcasting!).
Two friends and I have formed TBA Productions for the purpose of starting a
cable FM station. Our initial problems were lack of space on the cable for
stereo, and then our proposal to use their text-only bulletin board channel
brought a polite refusal a week later.
A major problem is the cost of phone lines ... $120.00/month for one 8 kHz
line; $350.00/month for a pair of 15 kHz lines. [Cable station was never
realized, but TBA productions lives on a low-budget hobby recording studio.]
My "Pirate" days are over so you can sign me: Sincerely,
Bill McFadden
--
Bill McFadden Tektronix, Inc. P.O. Box 500 MS 58-639 Beaverton, OR 97077
[email protected], ...!tektronix!tv.tv.tek.com!bill Phone: (503) 627-6920
How can I prove I am not crazy to people who are?
From @CMUVM.CSV.CMICH.EDU:[email protected] Tue Jul 13 16:39:34 1993
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Date: Tue, 13 Jul 93 16:33:18 EDT
From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
Organization: Central Michigan University
Subject: Getting started & DC Electronics FM-10
To: FM-10 Mailing List <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <930713.163318.EDT.34I2NYW@CMUVM>
Hi everyone
I recently got the DC Electronics catalog, and they have the "FM Stereo
Transmitter Kit" Cat. No. SFM-II for $19.95... I am a novice/intermediate
in electronics, with a great need/interest to build a FM transmitter
that will broadcast legally/illegally to my area...
Now, what exactly do i need beside the Transmitter kit? An amplifier,
and antenna? What is the idfference between the FM-10 that Mycal
mentions, and the DC Electronics kit?? Pleas help!! :))
Thanks --chris
---------------------------
CHRISTOPHER KHOURY
[email protected]
---------------------------
From [email protected] Tue Jul 13 17:16:47 1993
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From: [email protected] (Clint Dimick)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: Getting started & DC Electronics FM-10
To: [email protected]
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1993 15:14:40 -0600 (MDT)
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> From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
> Organization: Central Michigan University
> Subject: Getting started & DC Electronics FM-10
>
> Hi everyone
>
> Now, what exactly do i need beside the Transmitter kit? An amplifier,
> and antenna? What is the idfference between the FM-10 that Mycal
> mentions, and the DC Electronics kit?? Pleas help!! :))
> Thanks --chris
Welcome, Chris! First of all, I've heard that the DC Electronics kit is
better than the FM-10 because of the crystal-controlled circuit. (Someone
will surely correct me if I'm wrong.) Your frequency stability will be much
more secured with the DC kit.
Second, an amp and an antenna are about the only other things you'll need
to start broadcasting; however, you may want to consider a harmonics (RF)
filter to get rid of spurrious output which will interfere with other broad-
cast bands (i.e. not good). Plans for these appear in the FAQ file as well as
plans for a simple ground plane and dipole antenna. (I'm going to submit plans
for a couple more.)
Amp plans are available from Panaxis (916-534-0417), Ramsey (in FAQ file,
don't have my catalog handy), and numerous other sources. (Again, I am going
to submit some plans for a few other types.)
Other questions? Let us know!
- Clint
From @CMUVM.CSV.CMICH.EDU:[email protected] Tue Jul 13 19:25:48 1993
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Date: Tue, 13 Jul 93 19:15:36 EDT
From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
Organization: Central Michigan University
Subject: Re: Getting started & DC Electronics FM-10
To: Clint Dimick <[email protected]>,
FM-10 Mailing List <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <930713.191536.EDT.34I2NYW@CMUVM>
In-Reply-To: <[email protected]>
Hi everyone,
Thanks to all who responded to my message... It seems everyone thinks the
DC Electronics is the better choice, so I think i'll go for that one....
A few more things:
I have the $3 packet from Mycal that talks about building Amps, and
I have the FAQ that mentions filters... so i am going to try and follow
that stuff...
But i'm still a little clear,i guess , on the basics of the whole thing..
I take it i need to hook up a stereo receiver to the transmitter?
I plan on speaking thru it (duh), and playing music, I will probably
hook up a turntable, maybe a CD player, and if possible (is it possible?)
a tape deck... and of course a microphone... I mean, where do all these
things plug into? (dumb look :-))... Hopefully, i have enough electronics
experience to put together the FM kit... I think i do... but, i'm still
really unclear on the "basics" so if any of u can offer any advice to that,
that'd be great...
thanks a bunch everyone --chris
---------------------------
CHRISTOPHER KHOURY
[email protected]
---------------------------
From [email protected] Tue Jul 13 19:44:37 1993
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From: [email protected] (Clint Dimick)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: Getting Started
To: [email protected]
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1993 17:42:42 -0600 (MDT)
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> But i'm still a little clear,i guess , on the basics of the whole thing..
> I take it i need to hook up a stereo receiver to the transmitter?
> I plan on speaking thru it (duh), and playing music, I will probably
> hook up a turntable, maybe a CD player, and if possible (is it possible?)
> a tape deck... and of course a microphone... I mean, where do all these
> things plug into? (dumb look :-))...
Uh, well it sounds like you'll be needing a mixing board for all of your
source inputs. It works like this: the mixing board contains plugs for many
different input sources (i.e. CD/tape decks, turntables, mic. inputs). Each
of the volume levels of these sources can then be adjusted on the mixing board
for a final output "mix." It's this output from the mixer that you would then
connect to the transmitter's input. Without a mixing board, you'll be able to
feed only one source at a time to the transmitter.
- Clint
From [email protected] Tue Jul 13 22:26:28 1993
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Date: Wed, 14 Jul 93 02:12:02 GMT
From: [email protected] (Jim Paugh)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Subject: Unsubscribe
Please unsubscribe me
Thanks
[email protected]
From @mail.uunet.ca:jaywon.pci.on.ca!sizone!sdavis@pci Wed Jul 14 19:47:20 1993
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Date: Wed, 14 Jul 1993 16:00:39 -0400
Organization: SIZone, Soviet Recommunization Assoc., Toronto 416-YOU-SAW-BOB
From: sdavis@sizone.jaywon.pci.on.ca (Scott Davis)
To: [email protected]
Subject: SD-1272 in PA-1?
I've borrowed a PA-1 kit from a friend, which seems to function fully..
I've been looking for parts locally to build (clone) another kit. The
SD-1272 isn't availible. A motorola equivalent is produced, but nobody
stocks or orders it. An NTE part is equivalent, and availible for $49.95
from one distributor.. ($50 EACH?!?! Uggh. That's insulting.)
Any suggestions on where to source the sd-1272 from Ramsey's PA-1?
I've mailed Mycal my money for his plans.. I hope some are included that
don't rely on transistors that aren't availible to me locally at a decent
price. Running at about three watts would be a great first step..
Thanks for any advice,
Scott.
From [email protected] Wed Jul 14 19:33:06 1993
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Wed, 14 Jul 1993 11:02:01 PDT
Date: Wed, 14 Jul 1993 11:01:49 PDT
From: "Mycal" <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Organization: ACSYS, Inc.
To: "Clint Dimick" <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Subject: Re: Getting started & DC Electronics FM-10
>
> Welcome, Chris! First of all, I've heard that the DC Electronics kit is
> better than the FM-10 because of the crystal-controlled circuit. (Someone
> will surely correct me if I'm wrong.) Your frequency stability will be much
> more secured with the DC kit.
I don't think there is much difference in frequency stability. I haven't
seen the DC Electronics kit, but I have seen the schematics. The major
difference between the DC kit and the Ramsey kit, in my opinion, is that
the DC kit comes with a 38khz xtal for much better and easier to set up
stereo seperation, and that the Ramsey kit has a built in amplifier.
The Ramsey produces about 17 times the power output than the DC kit.
You could always put a 38khz xtal in the ramsey.
The only reason that I don't like the DC kit is that to amplify the output,
it requires one extra stage, thus an extra level of complexity.
In a final note, I think that using the BA1404 for frequency generation is
not the way to go. Someone should come up with a kit that uses a BA1404 for
stereo composit generation feed into a fet based vco. This is the way to go.
mycal
--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PGP key on request. [email protected]
\ //
"..unfortunately we can't control the actions // \
of everyone." President Clinton 04/20/93 No Risk, No Rush
From [email protected] Thu Jul 15 12:13:53 1993
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Date: Thu, 15 Jul 93 11:06:15 CDT
From: John C Edwards <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Greets...
I just received a catalog of interesting modules for processing audio signals.
The modules (mixers, compressor/limiters, (pre)amps, etc.) are pricey
($35-$100), but they are VERY small (2.9" X 1.5" X 0.5"), which would be good
for portable applications. Call them and get the catalog, it's good stuff.
Radio Design Labs
PO Box 1286
Carpinteria, CA 93014
(805) 684-5415
(805) 684-9316 FAX
Not affiliated, mind you...
From @CMUVM.CSV.CMICH.EDU:[email protected] Thu Jul 15 14:23:18 1993
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Date: Thu, 15 Jul 93 14:17:29 EDT
From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
Organization: Central Michigan University
Subject: Cheap mixers and a few questions :)
To: FM-10 Mailing List <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <930715.141729.EDT.34I2NYW@CMUVM>
Hi again everyone,
Thanks again for all the help people... Now, let me get this straight,
the DC Electronics FM Transmitter does NOT have an amplifier built in?
I thought the BA1404 chip had a small amplifier in it? I was planning
on building mycals 350 watt one anyway... ALso, woudl one go about
tuning the FM transmitter, say if i want it at 90.5 MHz or something?
Also, is there any cheap mail order place that sells a cheap mixer
to hook up to the FM transmitter? i'm not looking for anythign fancy,
just so i can plug in a microphone and record player or something..
Thanks a lot ---christopher
---------------------------
CHRISTOPHER KHOURY
[email protected]
---------------------------
From [email protected] Thu Jul 15 15:00:29 1993
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From: [email protected] (Clint Dimick)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: Cheap Mixers
To: [email protected]
Date: Thu, 15 Jul 1993 12:58:13 -0600 (MDT)
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> From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
> Organization: Central Michigan University
> Subject: Cheap mixers and a few questions :)
>
> Thanks again for all the help people... Now, let me get this straight,
> the DC Electronics FM Transmitter does NOT have an amplifier built in?
> I thought the BA1404 chip had a small amplifier in it? I was planning
> on building mycals 350 watt one anyway...
(I'll let Mycal or someone else answer this one as I don't have the
schematics for the DC kit.)
> ALso, woudl one go about tuning the FM transmitter, say if i want it at
> 90.5 MHz or something?
This is done with trimmer caps. Simply set your receiver to the desired
frequency and set to turning the screws on the caps until you hear the carrier.
That's basically all there is to it.
> Also, is there any cheap mail order place that sells a cheap mixer
> to hook up to the FM transmitter? i'm not looking for anythign fancy,
> just so i can plug in a microphone and record player or something..
Sounds to me like a Smack Shack $70 jobbie will do the trick for you. I
think this model (they have 2) has 4 channels. The $120 one has 5 with stereo
pan pots and cueing capability. Of course you get what you pay for with their
quality...
- Clint
From [email protected] Fri Jul 16 12:17:38 1993
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Message-Id: <9307161614.AA06267@medina>
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 93 12:14:17 -0400
From: [email protected] (Aaron M. Barnes)
To: [email protected]
Subject: DC electronics kit, antennas, etc
Reply-To: [email protected]
Hello everyone.
I ordered the DC Kits SMF-II for $19.95 on Tuesday.
I bought it because it includes a 38kHz crystal, but is is true t
he DC kit does not have an output stage?
I have an unmodified Ramsey FM-10, and its output is pretty sorry,
I couldnt imagine how short the DC kits range is.Does anyone have
a MW output figure on the DC kit? Also, does it have 75K resistor
s on the line inputs, or the 50K's the FM-10 has?
On antennas, I have heard mention of using the Radio Shack cat #
15-1636 Triple Drive Directional for broadcasting.But the impeda
nce of that antenna is 300ohms and I assume the DC kits output is
more like 50ohms.How would I go about matching that? Would I loos
e alot of signal just using a 75-300ohm TV baulan with RG-6 downl
ead to the FM-10 or DC SMF-II?
I dont have FTP access, and I no longer have Usenet News access, s
o would some kind soul please E-Mail me the latest edition of the
FM-10 FAQ? Any other info would be great, too.
Thank You.
--
Aaron Barnes
[email protected]
Catch blacked-out Browns games on WPXI-TV 11,Pittsburgh,WICU-TV 12,Erie,or WTVG-TV 13,Toledo.All you is a large(at least 13feet)antenna and a good sign
From [email protected] Fri Jul 16 16:09:08 1993
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From: [email protected]
Subject: unsubscribe
To: [email protected]
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
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unsubscribe me please
From 71174.2735@CompuServe.COM Fri Jul 16 18:09:19 1993
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Date: 16 Jul 93 18:05:25 EDT
From: Rick Harrison <71174.2735@CompuServe.COM>
To: <[email protected]>
Subject: DC ELectronics kit
Message-Id: <930716220525_71174.2735_DHQ90-1@CompuServe.COM>
Aaron, I ordered the DC Electronics kit 2 or 3 years ago. It
does not have an output amplifier. I didn't even bother to
build it; I just used the crystal to modify my Ramsey FM-10
and kept the BA1404 chip as a spare.
From [email protected] Fri Jul 16 19:41:41 1993
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From: [email protected] (Bustamam Harun)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: Unsubscribe
To: [email protected]
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 93 16:44:51 PDT
X-Mailer: ELM [version 07.00.00.00 (2.3 PL11)]
Can you please remove me from your mailing list. I'll be moving job in
a couple of weeks.
Thanks.
[email protected]
[email protected]
From [email protected] Fri Jul 16 21:40:45 1993
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Date: Fri, 16 Jul 93 21:40:39 -0400
From: [email protected] (Rob Henry)
To: [email protected]
Subject: unsubscribe
Reply-To: [email protected] (Rob Henry)
unsubscribe
From @CMUVM.CSV.CMICH.EDU:[email protected] Sat Jul 17 16:25:41 1993
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Date: Sat, 17 Jul 93 16:20:23 EDT
From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
Organization: Central Michigan University
Subject: $12.95 case for FM-10?
To: FM-10 Mailing List <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <930717.162023.EDT.34I2NYW@CMUVM>
Hi guys...
I think i've decided to order the FM-10 from Ramsey. Thanks again for
all the suggestions and help... Is it worth it tho to order that plastic
case along with the FM-10? In the DC Electronics catalog, there are several
cases that are cheaper i think.. Maybe if someone could tell me the
dimensions of this, i could order a cheaper one? Every penney coutns for
me now adays :) Thanks
--christopher
---------------------------
CHRISTOPHER KHOURY
[email protected]
---------------------------
From @mail.uunet.ca:jaywon.pci.on.ca!sizone!sdavis@pci Sun Jul 18 13:44:57 1993
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Message-Id: <5N7V7B1w165w@sizone.jaywon.pci.on.ca>
Date: Sun, 18 Jul 1993 12:36:51 -0400
Organization: SIZone, Soviet Recommunization Assoc., Toronto 416-YOU-SAW-BOB
From: [email protected] (Scott Davis)
To: [email protected]
Subject: Stereo Seperation on my FM-10
I've been tinkering with the stereo seperation on my FM-10 for awhile
now. It's hopelessly un-seperated. With only input into the right
channel, I hear a nicely balanced "stereo" sound out of both channels on
my receiver. I've been unable to isolate the cause of this (Serious, in
my opinion!) problem. I haven't found a 38kHz crystal yet though, and I
intend to order one tomorrow so that I can eliminate my worries about the
stability of the silly variable cap. circuit that ramsey has left in the
design. Any advice about how to test this seperation? What's the
"proper" way to tune the stereo sub-carrier (Fundamental Frequency, then
Sub-carrier, then stereo balance)? What does the stereo balance pot do
- just regulate the loudness of each channel, for instance?
Thanks - Peace,
Scott.
From [email protected] Sun Jul 18 18:54:17 1993
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From: Tainted with Defilement <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Apparently-To: [email protected]
Subject: case for FM10
>I think i've decided to order the FM-10 from Ramsey. Thanks again for
>all the suggestions and help... Is it worth it tho to order that plastic
>case along with the FM-10? In the DC Electronics catalog, there are several
>cases that are cheaper i think.. Maybe if someone could tell me the
>dimensions of this, i could order a cheaper one? Every penney coutns for
>me now adays :) Thanks
Christopher:
I'd recommend the radio shack 270-253 metal enclosure.
It will take a bit longer to use, as you'll need to bore
some holes and do a bit of filing, but with that, some threaded
standoffs, and a remote on/off switch, you'll end up with
a much nicer (and shielded) box.
It fits the FM10 board quite nicely. I'd suggest also
to make a hole in the top to allow adjustment of the
transmit freq. adjustment coil.
good luck
/john
From [email protected] Sun Jul 18 18:40:56 1993
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Date: Sun, 18 Jul 1993 18:38:57 EDT
From: [email protected]
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To: [email protected]
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Subject: unsubscribe
unsubscribe me please......
From [email protected] Sun Jul 18 19:55:50 1993
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From: "Gil Kloepfer Jr." <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: Stereo Seperation on my FM-10
To: [email protected] (FM-10 Mailing List)
Date: Sun, 18 Jul 93 18:39:55 CDT
Reply-To: [email protected]
In-Reply-To: <5N7V7B1w165w@sizone.jaywon.pci.on.ca>; from "Scott Davis" at Jul 18, 93 12:36 pm
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.3 PL11]
> I've been tinkering with the stereo seperation on my FM-10 for awhile
> now. It's hopelessly un-seperated.
I had this problem when I first built my FM-10 also. Try changing R12 to
a 10K resistor (instead of 47K). I don't know why it didn't work right
out of the box, but this is what fixed it.
--
Gil Kloepfer, Jr. [email protected] / ...!moxie!limbic!gil
From [email protected] Mon Jul 19 14:52:27 1993
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From: "Mycal" <[email protected]>
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Organization: ACSYS, Inc.
To: [email protected]
Subject: mailing list admin
Please, if you want to delete yourself from the mailing list please mail to :
[email protected]
Try not to send the message to the list 'cause you may not get dropped from
the list and it wastes bandwidth.
mycal
--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PGP key on request. [email protected]
\ //
"..unfortunately we can't control the actions // \
of everyone." President Clinton 04/20/93 No Risk, No Rush
From [email protected] Mon Jul 19 16:28:09 1993
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Please unsubscribe me. I'll be moving job in couple of weeks. Is there
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[email protected]
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Date: Mon, 19 Jul 1993 11:24:16 PDT
From: "Mycal" <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Organization: ACSYS, Inc.
To: [email protected]
Subject: faq repost and other stuph
Hey everyone the following is a repost of the FM-10 faq. I am in the middle
of making version 9.
I may soon have a new amp for the FM-10 that will probibly apeal to alot of
people. It is a 1 transistor, fairly simple amp, with a 3 pole filter that
will connect right to the FM-10 and produce 500-800mw. Based on a 2SC1970.
If all goes well this will be a perfect combo with the FM-10. Just enough
power to be effective highly populated areas like college campuses, and
not enough to create lots of waves.
more info to follow.
have fun
mycal
---cut here---
Ramsey FM-10 Info
by
[email protected]
8th Edition
-----------
Here is a rough compilation of information about the Ramsey FM-10, and
other BA1404 Stereo FM broadcasters. Some of the modifications may make
your BA1404 based broadcaster illegal to use on the open airwaves in the
US and Canada. Also it has been brought up that the stock Ramsey FM-10
kit may exceed FCC power limits when used with a proper antenna.
The information contained in the file is in no way complete, nor do I
take any responsibility for its accuracy. With that in mind, along
with the above paragraph I must say :
"This file for informational purposes only."
About This File
---------------
When I first started hacking on my FM-10, a few of us on alt.radio.pirate
were exchanging information on mods to improve the range, stability and
audio quality of the FM-10. After a couple of posts about filters and
amps, my mailbox was swamped with requests for copies of previously posted
information and other questions about the FM-10. So rather than drive
myself crazy with sending a piece of info here and there, I decided to
dig through my mailbox an notes and compile this file. I hope it helps.
Also if anyone has more information about the FM-10 or FM transmitters,
antennas, mixing equipment, programming information, stories about pirates,
or anything else that falls into this realm, please send it to
[email protected]. I will try to update this file as new information
becomes available.
Also I am working on a some Postscript files that will contain instructions
on how to build some equipment that is to complex for ASCII art. You
might want to check the FTPable archives every month or so.
I would like to say thanx to all the people that contributed to the
information in this file. The list has grown quite long, and some
of the contributors would like to remain anonymous. So for now I am
going to forgo all the names, if this is not up to your liking please
let me know.
FM-10 Mailing List
------------------
First Things First. There is now a mailing list that deals with the topic
of the Ramsey FM-10 and other BA1404 based FM Stereo Transmitters. Feel
free to join up and contribute.
To send a message to the mailing list, send your question, reply, comment,
or contribution to :
[email protected]
To add or delete yourself from the list, send a short message with
the function (add/delete/change address) along with the relevant e-mail
address to:
[email protected]
If you have any questions I can be reached at [email protected].
FM-10 Archives
--------------
Yes it is finally here, message archives of the FM10 mailing list and a
place to put/find schematics, reviews, stories, etc. related to the FM-10
and other BA1404 based FM transmitters. Currently a 350mw amp plan and
the BA1404 spec sheet are located there.
People can FTP into dg-rtp.dg.com with user "anonymous" and password
"<your EMail address>". In the fm10 directory you'll currently
find two sub-directories:
incoming
This is writable by everyone and this is where people should
upload new stuff.
msg-archives
This directory will have files named according to the date they
were last "sealed". The file "Current" is a running log of
all EMail messages from the last "seal" date of the archives.
I want to thank Ed Savage and the guys at Data General, NC for
making the list and the archive possible.
Snail Mail Info Packet (or Pirates Guide to FM Stereo)
------------------------------------------------------
The info packet has evolved yet again, it is now 24 pages. It includes
plans for 4 amps, a 200mw, 350mw, 800mw, and 5watt. Instructions for
modifying the Ramsey PA-1 for FM broadcast band operation. A section
on how to design and build your own antenna. Plans for a power meter,
regulated power supply, and dummy load. A block diagram showing a
typical station. Spec sheet for the BA1404. FM-10 modifications.
Sources for parts and info. And a more up to date design of my digitally
synthesized transmitter. Loaded with schematics, board-layouts and diagrams.
The price for this packet is $4 in the US and $7 overseas.
Address to send the $$ to is:
mycal
PO Box 750381
Petaluma, CA 94975-0381
You can also use this address to send me any info that would be hard
to send by email. I will trade info packets for hard copy information,
email me for details.
Note : this packet is in a constant state of change, more info could be
added at any time.
Other Places to Look
--------------------
alt.radio.pirate is another good forum to find or post information on FM
radio transmitter. Although you may not have pirate aspirations, many of
the things talked about can benefit everyone.
Other places to scan, sci.electronics and the amateur radio groups.
Recommended Test Equipment
--------------------------
An SWR/Power meter is a giant help, a CB to 2 meter one will suffice.
Power readings will not be accurate, but can be useful for peaking.
The most important part is the SWR meter, this is very important when
making an antenna.
A note on power meters. I recommeded the above power meters because they
are inexpensive and most people that are interested in hacking a FM-10
have very limited funds. These are by no means accurate, but they will
give you some idea what is going on. If you can spend the money you
can get an accurate power meter that is designed for this band, but the
cost is 10-15 times more.
A 50ohm non inductive load is also very helpful, for low power applications
a 50ohm 1/4 or 1/2 watt carbon resistor works well. This can be used to
tune up your kit and amp without interfearing with anyone. Also note that
you can run as much power you want, legally, as long is it doesn't radiate.
A VOM is also very helpful. I would put out the extra bucks and
buy one with a freq counter (if you shop around, about $60-$70). Buy
the one that covers audio to 20MHz(or more). If you are serious about
electronics you need one of these!
Dummy load
----------
Dummy loads are great for testing, without radiating a signal. In fact
you can run as much power as you want into one of these things legally!
Basically you want to create a non-inductive 50-ohm load. This can be
done with regular carbon resistors, or by buying pre built Amateur or
CB radio loads. For low power ( <.5 watt ) an ethernet terminator works
well (check temp when using if it gets very hot lower input power, if it
is still cool you may be able to go up to .75 watt.)
Most CB loads use a 2-watt carbon 50-ohm resistor.
You can build your own, as wimpy or as studly as you want by running
resistors in parallel to create 50-ohms. ie, 2 100 ohm 1/4 watt resistors
will create a 1/2 watt 50 ohm load...
Do not use 50 ohm wire wound resistors, they are not 50 ohms at radio
frequencies.
-----
---------\ Sample Dummy Load where -****- = 50 ohm
---|--****-- / mounted in UHF connector. carbon
--------- resistor
-----
Ramsey's Address
----------------
If your looking to purchase a FM-10 kit and can't find one locally try :
Ramsey Electronics, Inc.
793 Canning Parkway
Victor, New York 14564
Phone (716) 924-4560
FAX (716) 924-4555
Ramsey FM-10 70mw output amplifier
----------------------------------
Provides almost 9db gain to bring the output power of the Ramsey FM-10 Stereo
transmitter from 8mw to 70mw. Not the best design, but all parts can be
found at Radio Shack! Much better designs are available at the archive
site.
+12v
|
/
\ R1 *220 ohms(1/2 watt)
/
\
R2 9k | C2
-/\/\/\/-----------||-----> output
| /
| /
| | /
C1 | |/ <----------MPS2222A (276-2009)
in --||------|\ -or- 2N4401
^ | -> --
| |
| GND
currently on board
* you can also use 2 440 ohm 1/4 watt resistors run in parallel
I built this thing right on the underside of the FM-10 kit, C1 is the
cap that currently goes to the RCA ant jack, the 9k and the 220 ohm
resistor have to be bought, note that if you cannot find 220 ohms you
can make one by using 2 440 ohm resistors in parallel, and that a 10k
will work in place of the 9k but yields poorer performance (-5%).
The MPS2222A is from Radio Shack part number 276-2009, use this part! if
you substitute it for a 2N2222A you will get only half the gain. Be
very careful to get the leads in the correct orientation!
I have found that a 2N4401 can be used in place of the MPS2222A with a
little better performance, about 5mw more. I think the 2N4401 can be
found at Radio Shack too.
C2 is of the same value of C1, I took the one that goes to the on board
antenna pad.
Important! the value for R1 that seems to be optimal is 220 ohms, but it
is very close to the sat point, If the amp. seems noisy (interferes with the
TV etc.) back this value off to 240 ohms. If you lower this value below 205
ohms the power meter may read higher power but this will not be true, the
transistor will be spewing all kinds of junk and the power meter will
mistake this for higher output (in reality the signal we want will drop
considerably.)
Well that's it, effective range with a good antenna should be a little
over double.
Ramsey PA-1 2-meter to 3-meter conversion mod
---------------------------------------------
The Ramsey 2-meter amp (PA-1) can be converted for use on the FM broadcast
band. The inductors L1 and L2 need to be changed to the following:
L1 - Should be replaced with a 1-turn 1/4" diameter coil, Identical to
the stock L2 shown in the PA-1 manual.
L2 - Should be replaced with a 2 turn 1/4" diameter coil, one more turn
than the above coil.
Tune up should be the same as in the PA-1 Manual. Note that a FM-10 kit
cannot be used to drive a PA-1 kit alone. The FM-10 kit doesn't put out
enough power to turn on the PA-1 kit running class-c. So you have two
options. One, you can do the "biased on" (newer kits may call this class-b)
modification shown in the PA-1 manual. Doing this you can drive the PA-1
with a stock FM-10, yielding about 200-300mw of output power. Or two, you
can drive the PA-1 with the output of the 70mw amp shown above and get close
to a watt of output power.
It should be noted here that running the PA-1 "biased on" (or class-b)
produces a much cleaner output signal than running the PA-1 class-c. Also
that you can run the PA-1 "biased on" while driving it with the 70mw amp,
but you will show slightly less gain than in class-c.
ANTENNAS -- read, read, read, read, most important!
--------
Also Do you have a good antenna? I think that is the most important
thing that you can do for extended range. I built a 1/4 wave ground plane
using a UHF connector and 5 lengths of copper plated brazing rod (found at
the local welding shop). Works great and only cost $3 dollars to make.
Remember good antenna will improve you range much further than a good amp
into a bad antenna. So this should be your 1st project to increase your
range.
use the formulas out of your FM-10 manual 234/freq=length of rod.
Example : 234/88Mhz = 2.66 feet * 12 in/feet = 31.9" -or-
234/108Mhz= 2.17 feet * 12 in/feet = 26"
insert the 4 ground plane rods in the 4 holes of the UHF connector, stick
them through about 1/4 inch and solder. Solder the radiator in the top
of the UHF connector (you may have to grind it a bit to fit.) Then bend
the ground plane rods to a 45 degree angle to the radiator. There you
have it a very effective antenna, just connect with a 50 ohm CB cable
to your amplified Ramsey, stick the antenna in a tree or in another high
place and you should have 1 miles of solid coverage (when using the
above amp.).
Also If you have an SWR meter you can cut the rods a little longer and start
clipping the ends off a little until you get the best SWR reading.
|
| | | = brazing rod
| | |
| |
----- ----- ----- = UHF connector
| - | / - \ -
| | / \
| | / \
The final antenna should look like this:
| ^
| |
// \\ sky ground --horizon--
|
v
That is 1 radiator pointing strait up and 4 ground plane
radials. (sorry for this extreme description, but there
has been some confusion.)
Be careful when you bend the brazing rod, don't break the connector. Grab
the rod right below the connector with a pair of vice-grips (or the likes)
and bend the brazing rod at that point.
Try not to have anything metal near the radiator, this will effect
the radiation pattern. The radiation pattern should look a lot like
a doughnut surrounding the radiator, though deformed a bit.
I have been told that you can shorten the radiator and make the ground
radials longer to lower your radiation angle, but I haven't tried this, nor
do I know what this would do to the antenna impedance.
On The Road
-----------
Old magnet mount CB antennas can make great mobile antennas, just take all
of the base load out of them and cut the radiator to 1/4 wave length.
If you need a longer radiator than the one that comes with the antenna
use the above mentioned brazing rod.
I've tried this antenna and it works great! It is better than my di-pole at
home and you can drive to a high, optimal location for your broadcasts (and
you can see the vans coming for miles ;'). Also with this setup you need
very little coax cable. Line loss using RU-58u can be killer @ 100MHz.
You could also try a 5/8 wave length antenna, this would give you 2+db gain,
or almost 2x power gain on transmit.
Filter design for FM Radio Transmitters.
----------------------------------------
It is very important to have a clean signal, the way 99% of all people
who get busted for illegal transmitting is that the people that live
around them complain about interference. Most of this interference
is caused by harmonics. Filters cut down these nasties. So don't
draw attention to yourself, keep everyone happy, including yourself,
be clean, use a filter.
When you amplify a signal, you get unwanted byproducts these are called
harmonics. The show up at multiples of your starting frequency. For
example if you amplify a 50MHz signal you may get echo's on 100MHz, 150MHz
200MHz, 250MHz... If you interfear with your neighbors TV, the local fire
department, or anyone else, you are just asking for trouble. If you are only
on the FM Band, you will hardly be noticed.
...
Filter Designs
--------------
(basically scaled from the charts in the ARRL handbook).
Filter Design: 7 element Chebyshev
I run @ 88.1 so my 1st harmonic is 176.2
This filter seems ideal.
Fc 3db 20db 40db
85.8MHz 95.9MHz 116MHz 148MHz
.132uh .150uh .132uh
-----()()()-----()()()-----()()()-----
| | | |
<-50ohm - 33pF - 68pF - 68pF - 33pF 50ohm->
- - - -
| | | |
--------------------------------------
|
---
-
lowering the 33pF caps to 30pF and the 68pF caps to 62pF would make
this filter sutible for higher frequencies like 100MHz.
Filter Design: 5 element Chebyshev
Not as good as above, but thrown in anyway.
Fc 3db 20db 40db
81.8MHz 105MHz 147MHz 222MHz
.128uh .128uh
-----()()()-----()()()-----
| | |
<-50ohm - 30pF - 62pF - 30pF 50ohm->
- - -
| | |
---------------------------
|
---
-
The tuff part in the above is winding the coils. 3t of #12 wire 1/2" diam
should be about .12 uh. 4t is .17 uh. (but ugh, #12 wire is big stuff).
You could just use molded inductors, I have found these work well. Try
to use fixed value caps, or fixed value with small 5pF trimmers. The
latter works well when you have a spectrum analizer to tune there babies.
I just pulled a program of a BBS that tells you how to wind inductors.
Give it the value and wire size you have and it will tell you how many turns
and what size. Way cool. More on this later.
Very simple Chebyshev filter.
------------------------------
.15uH
from FM10 >------()()()------> to antenna
| |
- c1 - c2
- -
| |
--- ---
- -
88MHz 102MHz 107MHz
c1 62pF 54pF 50pF
c2 62pF 54pF 50pF
It won't knock the harmonics down as much as the other two designs but
the good thing about this one is that it uses standard off the shelf
parts. The inductor is one of those molded jobbies that looks like
a resistor so you can make this very small. You may stack these things
to make a better filter. Each stage will knock the 1st harmonic down
about 15db.
Use the above cap values depending on which freq range you want to operate
at. ie. if you run 87-90 use the 88MHz vals, 90-103 use 102MHz vals,
and above that use 107MHz vals.
Try to use fixed value parts!
[Also of interest is that the FM-10 puts out about 8-9mw and the 2nd harmonic
is -25db off the fundamental (frequency we are broadcasting on). The FM-4
Kit by Ramsey puts out 130mw and the 2nd harmonic is only -12db off the
fundamental, which means the 2nd harmonic of the FM-4 is about as
powerful as the FM-10. db is log10, ie 3db is 2 times 6db is 4 times...]
FM-10 Myths
-----------
There have been several myths about the FM-10 kit, the most prevalent are :
1) The FM-10 puts out 100mw of power. This is not true, or at least not
true for the Ramsey FM-10's that I have tested. They put out between
8 and 12mw when driven with a 12volt supply. (note: there has been several
revisions of the FM-10, it is possible that the original version put out
more power, but I find even that highly unlikely since it would require
another amplifier stage.) Also the FM-10 is the only low cost kit, that
I have seen, with an amplifier stage. Most others have power outputs
in the fraction of a mw area.
2) The FM-10's output can be cranked up by reducing the value of R9. This
like the above is not true. R9 and R10 are optimized for maximum output
and greatest harmonic suppression at 12volts. There are much better ways
of getting more output power than to mess with this output stage. Lowering
the value of R9 will most likely degrade the FM-10's performance and cause
lots of interference.
=============================================================================
FM-10 Improvements -
--------------------
(Some from ACE magazine.)
Stereo Pilot Mod
----------------
One of the first problems experienced with the FM-10 is difficulty
in getting the stereo pilot to operate correctly. One solution is to
replace C7 and C8 with a 38KHz crystal, this works the best and is
recommended. If you cannot find a 38KHz crystal, you can make your life
a whole lot easier with a couple part changes. As indicated on the
Ramsey schematic, about 110pF is necessary to tune the oscillator. The
components supplied to achieve this are a small fixed value capacitor (C7)
and a slightly larger value trimmer (C8). Since proper setting of the
trimmer occurs within a very small 'window' (about 5% of the trimmers
range), it can bet difficult or impossible to adjust the pilot to 19KHz
and have it stay put. This can be cured by increasing the value of c7 to
100pF and replacing c8 with a 6-50pF trimmer (Radio Shack #272-1340);
a 5-30pF trimmer will do the trick. The RS trimmer will not fit the holes
in the pc board; one needs to cut the leads off a spare resistor and
solder them to the legs of the trimmer (just use bits of wire) to mount
it on the component side of the board.
On a 2nd note: I replaced c7 with a 68pF cap and found it much easyer to
tune a rock solid 19KHz at the test point.
Crystal Mod
-----------
old set up new setup
c8 c1 xtl where c1=10pF and xtl=38KHz
|-||-| |-||-|\|-|
| c7 | | | v8=var cap
|-||-| | | c7=cap
| | | |
Remove C7 and C8, replace with 38KHz crystal and 10pF cap. Note that
the 10pF cap and the crystal are running series and the old cap setup
is running in parallel.
Note: there have been good and bad reports on using the Epson crystal
from digi-key. From what I have heard the crystal is quite delicate,
and in at least one case the experimenter destroyed the crystal.
In one of the positive case C1's 10pF cap was replaced by 2 22pF caps
run in parallel, this yielded a rock solid stereo.
Treble Boost Mod
----------------
Treble boost (pre-emphasis) improvement. The FM-10 appears to have
been designed by someone outside the United States since it operates
at the European audio standard of 50 microseconds. Receivers in the
US are set up for 75 microsecond de-emphasis. R3 and R6 determine the
time constant for the pre-emphasis curve. Replacing them with 75K ohm
resistors (standard value 68K ohm is close enough) will result in
improved audio response.
A much better pre-emphasis/input circuit is shown in the July 1992 issue
of "Radio Electronics". Not only do they use 75K ohm resisters in there
pre-emphasis, but they filter stray RF signals by inserting a .001 cap
between pin 1 (of the BA1404) and ground, and pin 18 and ground.
It has been noted that the above mod may actually cause distortion on
cheaper stereo receivers, since they were mass produced for the world market,
they were designed for the European audio standard, which Japan and other
Asian nations use too. Try it out, let me know what works for you.
Anti-Drift Mod
--------------
There has been quite a bit of discussion on the FM-10's frequency stability.
Complaints that digital receivers cannot lock onto the FM-10's signal for
any great length of time. I have used the below mod with good results
(I used an N750 negative temperature compensated disc), but I have been
told that Mylar or Polystyrene caps are even better.
The FM-10 was designed to be inexpensive and cost-saving measures with
components are inevitable. Disc ceramic capacitors are less expensive than
silver-mica caps, and also much less stable. Simply replace c16 with a
silver-mica, tantalum or negative temperature compensated disc (say anywhere
from N150 to N750) cap of the same value.
============================================================================
Sources
-------
The following is a list of sources for items used for modifications,
replacement parts, or other kits and equipment used in FM radio
transmitting:
--
BA1404s and other FM Broadcaster kits can be found at :
D.C. Electronics
phone: 1-800-467-7736 & 1-800-423-0070
fax:1-602-994-1707
They sell BA1404s for $2 a piece, seems to be the best deal going.
Also they Sell 38KHz crystals for $5.99, which is also a fair deal, the
crystals are tiny ones like the digi-key ones, but a different brand and
work without problems or the Digi-Key ones.
--
--
38KHz Crystals can be obtained by calling :
Digi-Key at 1-800-DIGI-KEY.
38.000 KHz by Epson America, Digi-Key part No. is SE3314
(see notes on crystal mod on using this crystal, also note that
this is a cylinder type crystal and kinda delicate. you are probably
better off getting the 38KHz crystals from D.C. Electronics.)
--
--
Panaxis Productions makes some very high quality FM transmitters. The
last word in Transmitting, tons of kits.
Panaxis Productions
PO Box 130 (right next to my old place of study
Paradise, CA 95967-0130. Chico State! )
(916)534-0417
Catalogs are $2, well worth it, a must have item.
A little taste of there catalog :
MMC1 Macromod Compander for 2:1 compression
Plans $12, PCB $18, P+P 26.50, Full kit $87
SG High performance stereo generator
Plans $15, PCB $13.5, P+P 26.50, Full kit $105
FME PLL FM exciter
Plans $17.5, PCB $15, P+P 24.50, Full kit $129
More expensive than a FM-10 but much higher performance.
--
--
A company called Progressive Concepts sells plans for a 88MHz to 108MHz
amp. The power curves show that 12mw in will yield 2.5 watts, but can
be driven harder for up to 12 watts. (I have not seen these plans)
Plans only in U.S., $16 (a bit spendy, ouch!)
Progressive Concepts
1313 N. Grand Ave. #291
Walnut, CA. 91789
--
--
If your looking to purchase a FM-10 kit (or a PA-1 kit) and can't find one
locally try :
Ramsey Electronics, Inc.
793 Canning Parkway
Victor, New York 14564
Phone (716) 924-4560
FAX (716) 924-4555
Should be $29
--
--
The makers of the infamous BA1404 :
Rohm Corporation
Rohm Electronics Division
3034 Owen DR
Jackson Business Park
Antioch, TN 37013
PH: (615)-641-2020 (ask for someone who deals with the BA1404)
FAX: (615)-641-2022
Also they have:
PO Box 1399
Antioch, TN 37011-1399
=============================================================================
--
============== ==============
============== Other Raw Info ==============
============== ==============
the 2SC2570 is supposedly replaceable with an ECG10. Also I have used
an MRF901 for a replacement, though tough to mount, try bottom of the
pc board and connecting the whip antenna pad to ground plane. MPS901s
seem to replace the 2SC2570 directly, same case too, check the pinouts
though. I have also been told that MPS918s work well also.
The MRF239 can be used as direct replacement for the Ramsey 2 meter PA-1
kit. Cost is around $14 bucks.
Newark also has the 38KHz crystals for $2.90 ( I don't know Newark's address,
this was sent to me in the mail, will try to find it though.)
------------------
Once more If you have any info, I stress "ANY", about this subject please
drop me a byte or two.
have fun,
[email protected]
my public key is as follows:
-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----
Version: 2.1
owEBmABn/4kAlQIFACsiwof0ygCBjeci2QEB3XkEALLCAgpRyo9jEfq6TmyNr3q/
13k6+OEBEMWh70HzS6cyTXyD2EpUWlNLIndQN9fDNC5HZq8YgES2vrxpiZBiLiv4
ZaqFE1REtDvAHO0owW75mcZW0dczngzI2tzqaANL/05DrWezeMLGGRLzeQNeaaK0
VSxyQYX0xE736qRo3SEh
=J2FX
-----END PGP MESSAGE-----
--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PGP key on request. [email protected]
\ //
"..unfortunately we can't control the actions // \
of everyone." President Clinton 04/20/93 No Risk, No Rush
From [email protected] Tue Jul 20 13:42:19 1993
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From: [email protected] (Jim Kearman)
To: [email protected]
Subject: Subscribe
SUBSCRIBE
From [email protected] Tue Jul 20 15:55:03 1993
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Date: Tue, 20 Jul 1993 12:10:06 PDT
From: "Mycal" <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Organization: ACSYS, Inc.
To: [email protected]
Subject: ftp site
Fellow micro power radio ppl,
Could someone with ftp access update the ftp site with the new faq, I won't
have my net access fixed up right for another couple of weeks.
Also I have the 800mw plans in postscript form, and I will put them at the
ftp site soon.
I will try to get some other info in postscript form soon, exp antenna info.
have phun,
mycal
--
--------mycal@netacsys.com--------------------------------------------------
In the pure sciences, you are graded on how well you tell the truth.
In the pure liberal studies, you are graded on how well you can lie.
Everything in between is up for grabs.
From [email protected] Tue Jul 20 16:24:11 1993
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From: [email protected] (Clint Dimick)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: FAQ Revision 8
To: [email protected]
Date: Tue, 20 Jul 1993 14:21:26 -0600 (MDT)
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The revision 8 FAQ has been uploaded in the fm10/incoming directory at
dg-rtp.dg.com
- Clint
From [email protected] Tue Jul 20 17:43:20 1993
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From: [email protected] (Scott Whittle)
Subject: unsubscribe
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UNSUBSCRIBE
From ecross@flute.calpoly.edu Thu Jul 22 15:15:57 1993
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From: ecross@flute.calpoly.edu
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To: [email protected], [email protected]
Subject: Re: unsubscribe
please unsubscribe me
thanks
ecross@oboe.calpoly.edu
From [email protected] Thu Jul 22 18:39:56 1993
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From: [email protected] (Clint Dimick)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: Power Supply
To: [email protected]
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1993 16:37:01 -0600 (MDT)
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> I've been powering the entire kit with a nine volt. Now that I'm about
> ready to "seriously" experiment with amplifiers, I'm going to need a
> "real" power supply. Running Mycal's 70mW amp with the nine volt
> produces MUCH better sound that running it off my cheapie AC-DC adaptor..
> But not for long, as it eats current far too quickly for the nine volt.
> I got a bigger battery, by running leads out my window to the car.. That
> worked wonderfully, but it's a bit of a hassle for me. Any advice about
> power supplies, anyone? Just put together a decent $30 kit or something?
Scott,
Smack Shack's 13.5V "CB Power Supply" was recommended to me and works great.
I'm still using it to power my FME and 30W amp with no problems at all. (It
will prevent humming, too, as it's a regulated supply.) Cost is ~$35, I think.
- Clint
From @mail.uunet.ca:jaywon.pci.on.ca!sizone!sdavis@pci Thu Jul 22 18:18:47 1993
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Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1993 16:59:37 -0400
Organization: SIZone, Soviet Recommunization Assoc., Toronto 416-YOU-SAW-BOB
From: sdavis@sizone.jaywon.pci.on.ca (Scott Davis)
To: [email protected]
Subject: More Seperation Help..?
Thanks to Gil and Gary for their wonderful help with my stereo
seperation problems.. I've still been unable to resolve my situation
"perfectly" though. I attempted to tune the stereo matrix using Gary's
method - an input into the left channel, and listen for silence on the
right. It was a complete failure, I'm afraid. My stereo seperation pot
seems to be entirely useless. It will destroy the transmitter's signal
completly though, if I turn it far enough towards either extreme
direction. Any thoughts, anyone, about why the pot seems to be failing?
Gil's advice was to replace the 47k R12 with a 10k resistor. I did -
with limited success. So, I stuck a 50k pot into R12's place, and found
that I had optimal seperation with a value of about 19k. At that value,
the right channel was perfect, but the left bled SLIGHTLY into the right.
Enough to be picked up on the level meter lights of my tape deck - so I'm
not happy.
I've been powering the entire kit with a nine volt. Now that I'm about
ready to "seriously" experiment with amplifiers, I'm going to need a
"real" power supply. Running Mycal's 70mW amp with the nine volt
produces MUCH better sound that running it off my cheapie AC-DC adaptor..
But not for long, as it eats current far too quickly for the nine volt.
I got a bigger battery, by running leads out my window to the car.. That
worked wonderfully, but it's a bit of a hassle for me. Any advice about
power supplies, anyone? Just put together a decent $30 kit or something?
Thanks, all!
Scott
From 71174.2735@CompuServe.COM Thu Jul 22 22:52:24 1993
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Date: 22 Jul 93 22:48:20 EDT
From: Rick Harrison <71174.2735@CompuServe.COM>
To: <[email protected]>
Subject: FRB kits (forwarded msg)
Message-Id: <930723024819_71174.2735_DHQ34-1@CompuServe.COM>
from alt.radio.pirate
=====================
From: [email protected]
Subject: FM KITS FROM FREE RADIO BERKELEY
Date: Tue, 20 Jul 93 03:02:41 EDT
X-Received: by usenet.pa.dec.com; id AA07364; Tue, 20 Jul 93 00:03:23 -0700
X-To: alt.radio.pirate.usenet
Lines: 99
FM KITS FROM FREE RADIO BERKELEY
First, a word from our legal department:
For educational purposes only. These kits are offered for the furtherance
of one's knowledge regarding radio frequency design and principles. At all
times during operation the assembled unit must be connected to a dummy
load. Part 15 of the FCC rules prohibits an antenna being used with these
units. All responsibilities for the ultimate use of these kits are born
solely by the builder and/or operator.
KITS AVAILABLE NOW !
All kits are complete and come with professionally manufactured, drilled
and tinned PC boards. All coils are pre-wound. Each unit, unless
specified, requires 12 volts for proper operation. Full instructions and
diagrams included.
5 Watt FM Transmitter - $40
An improved version of the Panaxis 5 watt design with a much more
rugged output transistor capable of producing 6-7 watts. Oscillator is a
stable FET based VFO.
6 watt RF Amplifier - $25
Uses the same output transistor as above. Will produce 6 watts for
1/2 watt input drive. Easy, quick assembly.
15 watt RF Amplifier - $35
Uses a very high gain (14dB) RF transistor to boost a 1/2 watt input
to 15 watts. Complete with PC Board and all required parts.
25-30 watt RF Amplifier - $35
Will produce full power with an input drive of 4-5 watts.
1/2 to 1 watt Amplifier - $18
1/2 to 1 watt output for an input power of 10 mw. Great for boosting
lower power VFOs.
Output Filter Kit - $5.00
A seven element low pass filter, composed of 4 coils and 3 capacitors, to
flatten those harmonics. Specify cutoff frequency desired.
COMING REAL SOON !
1/2 - 1 watt Stereo Broadcast Transmitter - $35
A vast improvement over the Ramsey FM-10. It uses the BA1404 IC as a
stereo modulator only to modulate a FET vfo, buffer and amp chain. Better
audio input filtering and bypassing. IC voltage regulation for the 2.5
volt supply for the BA1404. A very rugged output stage and collector
voltage bypassing make this unit stand out from all other transmitter
designs using the BA1404 chip.
Stereo Audio Processor - $Price to be determined
A combined stereo generator using the BA1404 coupled with compandor ICs
for compression and limiting of audio signals
If you have any other particular requirements please let us know. Custom
design and fabrication services are available including PC layout and
production. Full CAD services as well.
Proceeds from the sales of these kits go to the furtherance of micro power
broadcasting, bringing a voice of empowerment to every community. Let a
thousand transmitters bloom !
Payment to be made out to cash, we are still working out the bank trip.
Send to:
Free Radio Berkeley
1442 A Walnut St., #406
Berkeley, CA 94709
Email: [email protected]
Voice mail: (510) 464-3041
/end forwarded message/
From @CMUVM.CSV.CMICH.EDU:[email protected] Fri Jul 23 16:17:09 1993
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Date: Fri, 23 Jul 93 15:48:12 EDT
From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
Organization: Central Michigan University
Subject: FCC Part 15 rules?
To: FM-10 Mailing List <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <930723.154812.EDT.34I2NYW@CMUVM>
Can someone please post, or direct me to the FCC Part 15 rules
that are always being mentioned? I want to know what i'm getting
into...
thanks!
Comrade chris
---------------------------
CHRISTOPHER KHOURY
[email protected]
---------------------------
From r.delp1@genie.geis.com Fri Jul 23 16:41:43 1993
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Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 93 03:51:00 BST
To: [email protected]
Subject: more news
X-Genie-Id: 3115244
X-Genie-From: R.DELP1
Hello-
I'm new to the Internet mail system. I'm asking you to please
add my name to the list about micro power stations. I would like
to learn more about building these stations...
Rob
From @CMUVM.CSV.CMICH.EDU:[email protected] Sat Jul 24 19:43:51 1993
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Date: Sat, 24 Jul 93 19:39:01 EDT
From: "Christopher M. Khoury" <[email protected]>
Organization: Central Michigan University
Subject: FCC Rule 15 again :)
To: FM-10 Mailing List <[email protected]>
Message-Id: <930724.193901.EDT.34I2NYW@CMUVM>
Hi everyone...
I went to my local library, and searched on the computer for FCC documents.
It turns out they had at least 100+ volumes of FCC documents/cases, and
I had no idea where to look... Can anyone point me to Another place
to find Rule 15? or at lest the Vol. # or where it would be in..
thanks a lot!
--chris
---------------------------
CHRISTOPHER KHOURY
[email protected]
---------------------------
From [email protected] Sat Jul 24 21:17:57 1993
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From: [email protected] (Steve Valdez)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: FCC Rule 15 again :)
To: [email protected] (Christopher M. Khoury)
Date: Sat, 24 Jul 93 18:17:46 PDT
Cc: [email protected]
In-Reply-To: <930724.193901.EDT.34I2NYW@CMUVM>; from "Christopher M. Khoury" at Jul 24, 93 7:39 pmiler: ELM [version 2.3 PL11]
>
> Hi everyone...
>
> I went to my local library, and searched on the computer for FCC documents.
> It turns out they had at least 100+ volumes of FCC documents/cases, and
> I had no idea where to look... Can anyone point me to Another place
> to find Rule 15? or at lest the Vol. # or where it would be in..
>
> thanks a lot!
>
look for the "code of federal regulations" (CFR) Title 47 (communications)
part 15. The latest edition (I've seen) has a spine half in dark green half
in white - they are half-page size volumes. Some applicable rules:
15.209 : general limits
15.221 : AM broadcasts (includes school campus ruling)
15.239 : FM broadcasts. to summarize:
- your signal confined within 200kHz window of
your frequency. (or, +-100kHz from desired)
- maximum 250uV/m at 3m in that 200kHz window
(your frequency is in the center)
- outside of 200kHz window read 15.209
From [email protected] Mon Jul 26 14:29:52 1993
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Date: Mon, 26 Jul 93 14:33:31 -0400
From: [email protected] (Harry White)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Subject: Ready to buy the 1st kit...suggestions, please.
Hi FM-10ers,
I've read the FAQ, browsed the archives, got some catalog pages FAXed to
me by Ramsey, DC, and Panaxis. I'm not sure which way to go...
FM-10 @ $30 by Ramsey
or
SFM II @ $20 by DC.
It appears that you can't buy anything but plans from Panaxis (export only?)
Any help appreciated.
Harry
From [email protected] Mon Jul 26 21:41:12 1993
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Date: Mon, 26 Jul 93 21:44:55 -0400
From: [email protected] (Harry White)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Subject: What the hell is an FM oscillator?
Ah yes, more confusion from my ignorant mind ...
What is the PLL Direct FM Oscillator? How does it differ from an exciter?
From a Stero Generator?
What I'm really asking is how do all of thse sub-units integrate into
the overall "transmitter" unit? Gee, 3 years in community radio, and I
am just beginning to realize how little we DJs know about the broadcast
hardware (duh, what do you mean I've been on the air for 3 hours with
the carrier switch off?) :)
Thanks... Dissertations welcome...
Harry
From @mail.uunet.ca:jaywon.pci.on.ca!sizone!sdavis@pci Tue Jul 27 03:09:17 1993
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Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1993 21:38:19 -0400
Organization: SIZone, Soviet Recommunization Assoc., Toronto 416-YOU-SAW-BOB
From: sdavis@sizone.jaywon.pci.on.ca (Scott Davis)
To: [email protected]
Subject: FM10 Quick *?* Theory questions..
Okay, so I've just about reached my limits with tinkering with the
seperation on my FM10. It's good enough, I suppose, for me, for now. :)
I finally decided to go with Gil's suggestion - replacing the 47k
resistor off pin 13 (?) of the BA1404 with a 10k resistor.. I found 18k
to be optimal for my kit, actually.
What is that little piece of circuitry supposed to do? I've stared with
my slightly educated eyes at the schematic for two days now, and the best
I can figure is that the hardware around pins 12, 13 and 14 all regulate
the amount of signal being given to the 1404's internal modulator. *?*
Is that guess even close? What does it all do? I can't find mention of
it anywhere in the manual, and most of the ARRL and other books I've
looked in don't have transmitter designs close enough to allow me to
compare it to another *better* documented transmitter. <sigh>
My stereo seperation pot counts at ~80k ohms, as compared to the 100k
that the schematic in the FM10 manual calls for. I faked it to 100k,
with no difference. My pot still seems entirely useless. phuck.
Anyone built that 'slim jim' antenna that's mentioned in a.r.p? It looks
simple, durable and cheap.. exactly what I'm looking for. I've got the
parts lying around. I'll piece one together next weekend, and let you
know how my experiences go with it.
Thanks, Peace,
Scott.
From [email protected] Tue Jul 27 20:13:40 1993
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Date: Tue, 27 Jul 93 20:16:58 -0400
From: [email protected] (Harry White)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Subject: MicroRadio Workshops in NYC 8/7 & 8/9
Cc: [email protected]
From [email protected] Tue Jul 27 13:41:38 1993
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From: [email protected]
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To: [email protected]
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 93 13:31:57 EDT
Subject: Re: NYC workshop & kits
Status: RO
Harry,
I plan on having at least 25 kits with me, hopefully that will be enough.
The book most likely will not be finished by then, but there will be plenty
of reference material available. Pre-registration is not required nor is
advance payment.
The first half of the workshop covers the basic - antennas, transmitters,
audio and legal aspects. The second half deals with the actual construction
of the 5 watt kit and the generalities of electronic construction.
Following is a description and schedule for the workshops. If you could post
it on other BBS's in the area I would appreciate it.
COMING TO NEW
YORK CITY
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT THROUGH MICRO POWER FM BROADCASTING
WORKSHOPS ON HOW TO PUT YOUR OWN LOW WATTAGE FM STATION ON THE AIR
SATURDAY, AUGUST 7 ********* 11 AM TO 4 PM
MONDAY, AUGUST 9 ********* 7 PM TO 10 PM
5 WATT FM TRANSMITTER KITS WILL BE AVAILABLE AT $40 EACH
A DONATION OF $0 TO $20 IS REQUESTED
AT THE OFFICES OF PAPER TIGER TELEVISION, 339 LAFAYETTE, NEW YORK CITY
CALL (212) 420-9045 for further information.
As part of a growing national and international movement to take the
airwaves back from the corporate media pirates, who have stolen yet another
resource of the people, these workshops will focus on how to put your own
liberation radio voice on the air. Hands on instruction will be provided
for the assembly of the FM transmitter kits and other components.
Workshops will be lead by Stephen Dunifer from Free Radio Berkeley in
Berkeley CA. Stephen and lawyers from the National Lawyers Guild Committee
on Democratic Communications (NLGCDC) are currently fighting an attempt by
the FCC to impose a $20,000 fine on Stephen for alleged illegal broadcasts.
It is the contention of Free Radio and the NLGCDC that communications is
both a constitutional and a human right.
Meanwhile, Free Radio Berkeley continues to be on the air every Sunday
night from 9 PM to 12 midnight. Stephen is a long time activist who is
using his skills as an electronics and computer systems engineer to help
liberate the airwaves by designing transmitters and teaching people how to
put their own stations together.
The Monday workshop is a shortened version of the Saturday workshop
Stephen Dunifer can be contacted at:
Free Radio Berkeley, 1442 A Walnut, St. #406, Berkeley, CA 94709
(510) 464-3041
Email address via internet: [email protected]
Thanks,
Stephen Dunifer
If anyone from FM-10 is going, drop me a note. I'll be there!
Peace
Harry
From [email protected] Wed Jul 28 13:54:46 1993
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Date: Wed, 28 Jul 93 10:54:41 MST
From: [email protected] (kendel m mccarley)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Subject: subscribe
please subscribe me to the list
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